Centipede's genes reveal how life evolved on our planet

[wvit1001]

Centipedes, those many-legged creatures that startle us in our homes and gardens, have been genetically sequenced for the first time. In a new study in the journal PLoS Biology, an international team of over 100 scientists today reveals how this humble arthropod's DNA gave them new insight into how life developed on our planet.

Centipedes are members of the arthropods, a group with numerous species including insects, spiders and other animals. Until now, the only class of arthropods not represented by a sequenced genome was the myriapods, which include centipedes and millipedes. For this study, the researchers sequenced the genome of the centipede Strigamia maritima, because its primitive features can help us understand more complex arthropods.



Strigamia maritima, the centipede species genetically sequenced in the study.


"The use of different evolutionary solutions to similar problems shows that myriapods and insects adapted to dry land independently of each other," said Chipman. "For example, comparing the centipede and insect genomes shows that they independently evolved different solutions to the same problem shared by all land-dwelling creatures -- that of living in dry air."

According to Chipman, the study found that despite being closely related to insects, the centipede lacks the olfactory gene family used by insects to smell the air, and thus developed its own air-sniffing ability by expanding other gene families not present in insects.

In addition, Chipman said, this specific group of centipedes live underground and have lost their eyes, together with almost all vision genes and genes involved in the body's internal clock. They maintain enhanced sensory capabilities enabling them to recognize their environment and capture prey.




http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/11/141125140807.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28Latest+Science+News+--+ScienceDaily%29

[Truman62]

Did we evolve from centipede to man to politician?  Or is there a missing link?
 

[ttopcat]

I'm thinking all other species evolved from man!

[sweetwater5s9]

If you study Sir Francis Crick he believed 'aliens' controlled the stages of Evolution. He also believed that we didn't emerge from Apes because the human DNA had a code and that this had to mean that 'advanced beings' or simply 'aliens' had to make us.

No scientific theory is 100%. None of them are. And yes, just like people, theories are innocent until proven guilty, unless it goes against the scientific process. 

Many scientists dispute that evolutionary dogma is true science. Evolutionist Robert Jastow, for example, has conceded that belief in the accidental origin of life is “an act of faith,” much, he says, like faith in the power of a Supreme Being.

People do not believe in evolution because they have been led there by solid evidence. They are stampeded into the Darwinian community by superficial, emotional, and personal factors.   They only delude themselves when they think otherwise.


Collaborative research from a gathering of exo-scientists postulate that there are genes from over 20 extraterrestrials civilizations in Human DNA. These exo-scientists have continued the work of Nobel Prize winner Dr. Frances Crick, and other scholars in this area. Current findings are consistent with reports of Professor Sam Chang, who discreetly released information on his own apparent findings, in association with the Human Genome Project.

Francis Crick and partner, James Watson, startled the academic world in 1953 when they deciphered the structure of the DNA molecule.

Crick concluded Extraterrestrial orgins in the Human Genome, in relation to his well renown DNA research.

Earth, therefore, appears to represent a “strategic genetic frontier”, between scientifically ascertained extraterrestrials who “seeded”, Earth, and other extraterrestrials with varying genetic agendas.

The existence of diverse ethno-racial communities of humanity on Earth, perhaps, provides a further visible appearance of extraterrestrial (E.T.) ‘genetic communities’. African tribes, including the Dogon, notably, cite evidence of having origins from races of “supernatural creatures that came down from the sky.”

The knowledge of astrological facts within diverse tribal communities is associated with claims of extraterrestrial contact long before modern astronomy, further corroborates exo-scientific claims of evidence of extraterrestrial contact in Human DNA. Aboriginal tribes in the Americas, Africa, and elsewhere embraced the “animistic” spirituality of the original reported spiritually and technologically advanced human and other extraterrestrials who “seeded” Earth. These tribes were apparently inspired by original constituents of human and other extraterrestrials to be custodians of “Mother Earth”, and to live in harmony and balance with nature.

Nobel laureate Dr. Francis Crick who posits an extraterrestrial origin for life on Earth, is not alone in this viewpoint within the scientific community. The same year that Life Itself was published (1981), Sir Fred Hoyle authored Life from Space, in which he took essentially the same position. In fact, in an article that year inNature, he wrote: “The likelihood of the formation of life from inanimate matter is one to a number with 40,000 noughts after it…. It is big enough to bury Darwin and the whole theory of evolution. There was no primeval soup, neither on this planet nor on any other, and if the beginnings of life were not random, they must therefore have been the product of purposeful intelligence.” (Hoyle: 1981, 294:148).




EXTRATERRESTRIAL CONTACT: Portal to the Cosmos with Rich, Marla, Janet Kira Lessin & Dr. Sasha Lessin

Scientists Confirm Extraterrestrial Genes In Human DNA      Posted by ExtraterrestrialContact on Feb 9, 2012

[wvit1001]

5 Great Scientists Who Believed Wildly Unscientific Things ...
 
 
http://www.google.com/url?url=http://www.cracked.com/article_19777_5-great-scientists-who-believed-wildly-unscientific-things_p2.html&rct=j&frm=1&q=&esrc=s&sa=U&ei=2_91VMDDOs77gwSEr4OADQ&ved=0CCgQFjAD&sig2=-CVAcDl_m-nbKyauKJGd0A&usg=AFQjCNH_SQU5tN01t4WGmOtKCwTA4rn1SA
 

[sweetwater5s9]

Darwin claimed blacks and Aborigines, would be eliminated and disappear in the struggle for survival because they were inferior, in his book The Descent of Man.

Francis Crick and partner, James Watson, startled the academic world in 1953 when they deciphered the structure of the DNA molecule.

Collaborative research from a gathering of exo-scientists postulate that there are genes from over 20 extraterrestrials civilizations in Human DNA. These exo-scientists have continued the work of Nobel Prize winner Dr. Frances Crick, and other scholars in this area. Current findings are consistent with reports of Professor Sam Chang, who discreetly released information on his own apparent findings, in association with the Human Genome Project.

[wvit1001]

Darwin was a long-time abolitionist who had been horrified by slavery when he first came into contact with it in Brazil while touring the world on the Beagle voyage many years before (slavery had been illegal in the British Empire since 1833). He considered the "race question" one of the most important of his day.

Darwin opposed the polygenism theory, developed by scientific racist discourse, which postulated that the different human races were distinct species and were likely separately "created". To the contrary, Darwin considered that all human beings were of the same species, and that races, if they were useful markers at all, were simply "sub-species" or "variants". This view (known as "monogenism") was in stark contrast with the majority view in anthropology at the time.

"The great break in the organic chain between man and his nearest allies, which cannot be bridged over by any extinct or living species, has often been advanced as a grave objection to the belief that man is descended from some lower form; but this objection will not appear of much weight to those who, convinced by general reasons, believe in the general principle of evolution. Breaks incessantly occur in all parts of the series, some being wide, sharp and defined, others less so in various degrees; as between the orang and its nearest allies—between the Tarsius and the other Lemuridæ—between the elephant and in a more striking manner between the Ornithorhynchus or Echidna, and other mammals. But all these breaks depend merely on the number of related forms that have become extinct. At some future point, not distant as measured by centuries, the civilised races of man will almost certainly exterminate and replace the savage races throughout the world. At the same time the anthropomorphous apes, as Professor Schaaffhausen has remarked, will no doubt be exterminated. The break will then be rendered wider, for it will intervene between man in a more civilised state, as we may hope, than the Caucasian, and some ape as low as a baboon, instead of as at present between the negro or Australian and the gorilla."

When Darwin referred to "civilised races" he was almost always describing European cultures, and apparently drew no clear distinction between biological races and cultural races in humans. Few made that distinction at the time, an exception being Alfred Russel Wallace.

[sweetwater5s9]

Darwin spoke of the "gorilla" and the "Negro" as occupying evolutionary positions between the "Baboon" and the "civilized races of man" ("Caucasian"); viz: "At some future period, not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilized races of man will almost certainly exterminate, and replace, the savage races throughout the world. At the same time, the anthropomorphous apes ... will no doubt be exterminated. The break between man and his nearest allies will then be wider, for it will intervene between man in a more civilized state, as we may hope, even than the Caucasian, and some ape as low as a baboon, instead of as now between the Negro [sic] or Australian and the gorilla."


On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.Charles Darwin, M.A.


The Descent of Man


At some future period not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilised races of man will almost certainly exterminate and replace the savage races throughout the world. At the same time the anthropomorphous apes...will no doubt be exterminated. The break between man and his nearest Allies will then be wider, for it will intervene between man in a more civilised state, as we may hope, even than the Caucasian, and some ape as low as the baboon, instead of as now between the ***** or Australian and the gorilla (1874, p. 178).

I think Darwin's position is clear ...

[wvit1001]

Darwin was a long-time abolitionist who had been horrified by slavery when he first came into contact with it in Brazil while touring the world on the Beagle voyage many years before (slavery had been illegal in the British Empire since 1833). He considered the "race question" one of the most important of his day.

Darwin opposed the polygenism theory, developed by scientific racist discourse, which postulated that the different human races were distinct species and were likely separately "created". To the contrary, Darwin considered that all human beings were of the same species, and that races, if they were useful markers at all, were simply "sub-species" or "variants". This view (known as "monogenism") was in stark contrast with the majority view in anthropology at the time.

"The great break in the organic chain between man and his nearest allies, which cannot be bridged over by any extinct or living species, has often been advanced as a grave objection to the belief that man is descended from some lower form; but this objection will not appear of much weight to those who, convinced by general reasons, believe in the general principle of evolution. Breaks incessantly occur in all parts of the series, some being wide, sharp and defined, others less so in various degrees; as between the orang and its nearest allies—between the Tarsius and the other Lemuridæ—between the elephant and in a more striking manner between the Ornithorhynchus or Echidna, and other mammals. But all these breaks depend merely on the number of related forms that have become extinct. At some future point, not distant as measured by centuries, the civilised races of man will almost certainly exterminate and replace the savage races throughout the world. At the same time the anthropomorphous apes, as Professor Schaaffhausen has remarked, will no doubt be exterminated. The break will then be rendered wider, for it will intervene between man in a more civilised state, as we may hope, than the Caucasian, and some ape as low as a baboon, instead of as at present between the negro or Australian and the gorilla."

When Darwin referred to "civilised races" he was almost always describing European cultures, and apparently drew no clear distinction between biological races and cultural races in humans. Few made that distinction at the time, an exception being Alfred Russel Wallace.

[sweetwater5s9]

Darwin’s

The Descent of Man:

At some future period, not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilised races of man will almost certainly exterminate, and replace, the savage races throughout the world.  At the same time the anthropomorphous apes … will no doubt be exterminated

The break between man and his nearest allies will then be wider, for it will intervene between man in a more civilised state, as we may hope, even than the Caucasian, and some ape as low as a baboon, instead of as now between the negro or Australian and the gorilla.


This passage clearly establishes the following hierarchy from most superior down to least superior:

• an advanced, post-Caucasian “civilised race of man” (presumably with women attached to it for the purposes of breeding)
• the current (19th century) Caucasian “civilised race of man”
• intermediate races of man (presumably including Jews, gypsies, Asians and Arabs)
• the “savage” negro and Australian races of man
• the “anthropomorphous” (or man-like) apes such as the gorilla
• the “low” (not so man-like) apes such as the baboon

Here is a scan of the actual page of the 1874 edition from which comes this passage (at the bottom of the page):


http://philosophiatopics.wordpress.com/2013/04/15/darwin-between-the-negro-or-australian-and-the-gorilla/